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Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: An Old
Time Radio Christmas MP3 Set DVD, Audio Download, USB Stick
December 26: National Candy Cane Day: --
While this doesn't mean today'll keep you from munching on these
sugary sticks as early as Thanksgiving, today does give us a
chance to indulge as much as we can before New Year's! With
beginnings in 17th-century Germany, these sweet treats were curved
to represent the shepherds' crooks. They later made their way to
the states in the mid-19th century. Now we see them everywhere,
even on trees! Today is a day for getting hooked by this minty
confectionery, sample different flavors or use them to enhance
other sweet treats like hot chocolate and cookies. A lot of things
have their own day dedicated to them; one you may not have known
about is the candy cane. Yes, this veritable symbol of tasty
festivity has a dedicated day, so if you ever needed an excuse to
stockpile them or indulge, now that you have one. The festive
period gives us the perfect opportunity to indulge in all of our
favorite treats, but make sure you leave some room in your stomach
for a few candy canes. Today, we see them on Christmas trees
throughout the festive period, with a lot of people also giving
candy canes as gifts too. So let the deliciousness begin! Candy
canes are so ubiquitous during the holiday season that they are
practically considered part of Christmas itself. However, very few
people know when, where or how candy canes came into existence,
though it is a very interesting story. According to German
folklore, the first candy canes were made in the 17th century when
a choirmaster in Cologne, Germany, needed to find a way to keep
the children quiet during the exceptionally long Christmas Eve
Mass. So he ordered peppermint-flavored candy sticks from a local
confectioner, but with a few twists of his own, steeping them in
religious symbolism. Firstly, he requested the sticks to be on the
shape we know them so they could be a visual representation of
sorts of the canes that the shepherds coming to visit the baby
Jesus might have had. Some also say that when turned upside-down,
the candy cane becomes the letter J, which stands for Jesus.
Furthermore, the choirmaster asked for the sticks to be white (to
represent the sinless, pure life Jesus lived) and red (to
represent the blood Jesus lost when he was crucified for the sins
of mankind). Of course, there is no solid evidence for this, and
modern candy cane historians, or whoever looked into it, have
disputed the ideas presented here. Luckily, however, you can enjoy
the candy cane on its special day with or without this kind of
expert knowledge. On Sale @ 15% Off Discount Till Midnight PT!
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Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: An Ocean
Apart: US-UK Relations TV Series + Profumo Affair MP4 DVD Set
December 26: Boxing Day (British Empire)
(Day Of Goodwill [South Africa]): -- It started as a day for
Britain's upper classes to give gifts to their household staff who
worked so hard both on the prior day's Christmas Day as well as
the rest of the year -- but from there, it has morphed into a sort
of shopping holiday of its own. In fact, its one of the most
popular days to return Christmas gifts to the stores. When
Christmas Day is over, the celebration continues on Boxing Day on
December 26. The name was first used in 1833, but the exact origin
has never been determined. Theories behind 'Boxing' Day include
references to Christmas gifts, charity drives, or a nautical
tradition. The day after Christmas, Boxing Day is celebrated in
the United Kingdom, Australia, New Zealand, and Canada. In South
Africa, it is celebrated as The Day Of Goodwill, a public holiday.
But let's clear up something first -- Boxing Day is not about
pummeling opponents. This unique holiday has its roots in
gift-giving on one hand and classism on the other. Here's what we
know about Boxing Day's origins. The entire British class system
worked to make Christmas Day a big deal for wealthy elites. They
splurged on Christmas dinners of geese, turkey, and other fowl
cooked by kitchen staff. Household servants worked hard making all
the holiday preparations during the years well before the
conveniences and technological advances of the Industrial
Revolution. Messenger boys regularly ran errands and postmen
delivered mail and packages year-round. Boxing Day, on December
26, gave the wealthy a chance to repay their servants and
tradespeople with paid time off and small gift boxes filled with
trinkets or coins as a show of appreciation for their service
during the holidays and throughout the year. Servants and
tradespeople also prepared gift boxes for their own families, too.
Some historians attribute Boxing Day to the small boxes of alms
placed near the church doors requesting donations to help the poor
during Advent. On the day after Christmas, members of the church
clergy would distribute the donations to needy citizens throughout
the community. December 26 was chosen for these charitable acts
because the day was dedicated to St. Stephen, a patron saint known
for good works and his status as the first Christian martyr.
Ironically, during modern times, Boxing Day is synonymous with
holiday shopping, good times, and sports. Rather than boxing,
soccer and cricket matches are the sports of choice that bring
everyone together for more holiday fun. In the UK, sports are
often played on Boxing Day, especially football matches and horse
racing. There is a cricket test match on Boxing Day each year in
Australia, where they play against another country. Fox hunts were
also a big part of Boxing Day traditions, but in 2004, the
activity was banned in the UK. Hunters still gather, dressed in
their finest coats, but now follow designated artificial trails.
Traditionally, the holiday was celebrated by giving to the needy
and less fortunate, but over time, Boxing Day has evolved and been
commodified in several different ways. Boxing Day is also now a
time of year when big sales are offered by shops traditionally
after Christmas in the UK - similar to Black Friday in the USA.
Sales and revenue are so heavy now in countries that celebrate
Boxing Day that now some retailers advertise 'Boxing Week.' These
worldwide sales feature deals and discounts lasting until the end
of the month. In South Africa. A public holiday throughout the
country, Boxing Day is known as Day Of Goodwill, and has developed
a meaning all its own. It is a day when the lingering spirit of
Christmas continues, as South Africans bask in the sunshine, enjoy
a day at the beach, savor long lunches, and just spend some
leisure time outdoors with friends and family. The holiday also
gives citizens a chance to give back to society through volunteer
work and charity affairs that are organized. On the Day of
Goodwill, South Africans recover from the Christmas festivities
and treat themselves to a day of fun, food, and sunshine. The day
was originally celebrated as Boxing Day, but in 1994 the name of
the holiday was changed to Day Of Goodwill as a sign of severance
from the region's colonial past. Boxing Day is essentially a
British holiday during which 'boxes' of gifts or money are donated
to the needy a day after Christmas. Despite the name change, the
traditions of the holiday more or less remain the same in South
Africa. It is also a public holiday so people can relax and unwind
on their day off. The weather is warm and pleasant as it is summer
during this time of the year in South Africa so, naturally, more
unconventional Christmas activities are common, like heading to
the beach. In 1652, the first Dutchmen stepped onto South African
soil. Before long, the region became a Dutch colony. This
continued until 1795 when the British took over rule of South
Africa. The Dutch reigned once again in 1803, after which the
British again took control 3 years later. This conflict continued
back and forth between the British and the Dutch for many years.
Finally, the British granted South Africa partial independence,
with the establishment of the Union of South Africa in 1910. South
Africa's exit from the Commonwealth and declaring itself a
Republic in 1961 marked the beginning of the end of colonial rule.
In 1994, the same year Nelson Mandela became president, Boxing Day
was changed to Day of Goodwill. On Sale @ 15% Off Discount Till
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Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: Manners
And Etiquette Social Guidance Films DVD, Download, USB Drive
December 26: National Thank You Note Day:
-- Think thank you notes don't exist these days? Think again! Put
your phone down, dust off your stationary, and get to writing.
It's a day set aside to express gratitude through handwritten
notes to friends, family, and anyone who has made a difference in
your life over the past year. This tradition taps into the simple
yet powerful act of saying "thank you" more personally
and meaningfully. 'Thank you' notes are tiny superheroes of the
communication world. They say, "You matter," in a world
that often rushes by. Writing them down adds a playful wink, a
personal touch that whispers, "You're worth the ink."
It's a practice of mindfulness, a celebration of kindness, and
frankly, just a splendid way to sprinkle a little joy around. This
day is a gentle reminder of the importance of gratitude,
especially in our fast-paced, digital world. Writing a thank you
note is a heartfelt gesture that shows you genuinely appreciate
the kindness, support, or gift you've received. These notes make
the recipients feel special and appreciated, which, in turn,
strengthens the bonds between people. Whether it's thanking
someone for a Christmas gift, an act of kindness, or simply being
a great friend, this day emphasizes the value of personal
connections and expressing gratitude in a tangible form. The
history of National Thank You Note Day is fascinating and spans
several centuries, highlighting the value of written notes. While
the exact origins of this specific day are not well-documented,
the tradition of sending thank-you notes has deep roots, dating
back to ancient civilizations. The practice of expressing thanks
through handwritten notes became particularly popular in the
United States after etiquette expert Emily Post emphasized its
importance in her book on manners. Despite the digital revolution
transforming how we communicate, the tradition of sending physical
thank-you notes continues to hold a special place in people's
hearts. The celebration of National Thank You Note Day serves as a
reminder of the sweetness and significance of personal gratitude.
It offers an opportunity to reflect on the kindness of others and
to express our appreciation in a thoughtful and personal manner.
The day encourages us to take a moment from our fast-paced,
digital lives to pen down heartfelt messages to those who have
made a difference in our lives. In a broader sense, National Thank
You Note Day upholds a tradition that boosts our well-being by
encouraging us to focus on gratitude, thereby improving our mood
and mental health. This practice, despite its simplicity, can
profoundly impact personal and professional relationships, making
it a tradition worth preserving and cherishing. On Sale @ 15% Off
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Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: A Very
Beatles Christmas All 7 Fanclub Records MP3 Set CD Download USB
December 26: St. Stephen's Day: -- As the
name suggests, the day is dedicated to the Christian Saint
Stephen. This day commemorates the saint who was the first
Christian martyr and was known for his service to the poor and
needy. In Ireland, this day is sometimes called 'Day of the Wren,'
which got its name from an old tradition involving using a wren's
feathers for good luck. St. Stephen's Day stems from the Catholic
tradition, and some Christians may even go to the church for a
special sermon on this day. St. Stephen is known to be the first
Christian martyr. It's believed he was stoned in Jerusalem around
33 A.D. According to an Irish myth, it was a wren that betrayed
St. Stephen while he was hiding from his enemies. This led to his
eventual demise. There is another Irish legend that talks about
the wren's betrayal. Around the year 750 A.D., there were Viking
raids in Ireland that happened on St. Stephen's Day. In an attempt
to get rid of the invaders, Irish soldiers headed towards a Viking
camp. However, the Viking soldiers became aware of their approach
due to the noise of a wren that had started eating crumbs from a
drum. This story also led people to believe that it was the wren
that betrayed the Irish people and it should be stoned to death as
St. Stephen had once been. On this day, boys used to traditionally
go on hunting trips to hunt down a wren by throwing stones at it.
They tied the wren to a stick when it was dead and showed it off
around the whole village. The children did this to collect money
for a dance or party for the whole village. By 1900, this
tradition of killing wrens and parading them on St. Stephen's Day
had died out. However, St. Stephen's Day is still referred to as
the Day of the Wren, especially in rural Ireland. Due to its
Catholic roots, St. Stephen's Day has been a holiday in Ireland
for many years. It was only in 1871 that it became a public
holiday after the Bank Holidays Act of 1871 was passed. On Sale @
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Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: Eyes On
The Prize II: America At The Racial Crossroads DVD MP4 USB
December 26, 1966: Kwanzaa (Heri Za
Kwanzaa) -- The first day of Kwanzaa, celebrated until January 1
in the United States and other nations of the African diaspora in
the Americas to honor African heritage in African American
culture. Kwanzaa celebrates traditional African harvest festivals,
focusing on family unity, with a community harvest feast on the
seventh day. Kwanzaa means "first fruit" in Swahili,
considered a pan-African language, the most widely spoken language
in Africa. Kwanzaa is a week-long holiday observed from December
26 to January 1, a cultural holiday that celebrates family and
community with food, music and dance, culminating in a day of
gift-giving and a feast dedicated to reflection and recommitment
to the seven principles (Swahili: Nguzo Saba, "Seven
Pillars"): "1) Umoja (Unity): To strive for and to
maintain unity in the family, community, nation, and race; 2)
Kujichagulia (Self-determination): To define and name ourselves,
as well as to create and speak for ourselves; 3) Ujima (Collective
work and responsibility): To build and maintain our community
together and make our brothers' and sisters' problems our problems
and to solve them together; 4) Ujamaa (Cooperative economics): To
build and maintain our own stores, shops, and other businesses and
to profit from them together; 5) Nia (Purpose): To make our
collective vocation the building and developing of our community
in order to restore our people to their traditional greatness; 6)
Kuumba (Creativity): To do always as much as we can, in the way we
can, in order to leave our community more beautiful and beneficial
than we inherited it; and 7) Imani (Faith): To believe with all
our hearts in our people, our parents, our teachers, our leaders,
and the righteousness and victory of our struggle." The first
Kwanzaa was established and celebrated by professor and chairman
of Black Studies at California State University, Long Beach, Dr.
Maulana Karenga. He created Kwanzaa in 1966 in the midst of the
Black Freedom Movement, reflecting concerns for cultural grounding
in thought and practice. After the Watts riots in L.A., Dr.
Karenga looked for ways to strengthen the African-American
community. He founded the US Organization, a cultural
organization, and started to research African "first fruit"
(harvest) celebrations. Karenga combined aspects of several
different harvest celebrations, such as those of the Ashanti and
those of the Zulu, to form the basis of Kwanzaa. The first-fruits
celebrations are recorded in African history as far back as
ancient Egypt and Nubia and appear in ancient and modern times in
other classical African civilizations such as Ashantiland and
Yorubaland. Kwanzaa developed as a flourishing branch of the
African American life and struggle as a recreated and expanded
ancient tradition. It draws from the cultures of various African
people and is celebrated by millions of Africans and African
Americans throughout the nation. Each family celebrates Kwanzaa in
their own way, but celebrations often include song and dance,
African drums, storytelling, poetry readings, and a large
traditional meal. On each of the seven nights, the family gathers
and a child lights one of the candles on the kinara, then one of
the seven principles, called Nguzo Saba, is discussed. These
principles are values of African culture which contribute to
building and reinforcing community among African Americans. On
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Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: In The
Suburbs: Life In Suburbia Films DVD, Video Download, USB Drive
December 26: National Homeowners Day: --
Believed to be the ideal day to put an offer on a house in order
to have optimal savings. Founded by Paisley Vartanian in 2020,
this day is important in the present-day landscape where property
prices are at an all-time high and housing crises keep occurring
in different markets. This encourages prospective homeowners to
buy homes and help support the economy. Being a homeowner is a big
milestone for many people, and they also see it as a secure
investment for their future. During the 1800s, most people could
not own a house. There was no system of getting a mortgage from a
bank, and only the very rich were able to own homes. People either
weren't able to afford it or banks didn't lend money to the
average person. Mortgages were only introduced when the U.S.
banking system was stabilized after the National Banking Acts were
established in the 1860s. Thanks to these acts, banks also started
lending money to more people and by the 1890s, mortgages had
become popular throughout the U.S. Unlike the mortgages that we
know today, these required a 50% down payment and could only be
paid through monthly interests that the loan generated. When the
Great Depression occurred in 1929, banks no longer had any money
to lend. It was a major economic crisis and the whole country
suffered. The homeowners who had taken loans out also didn't have
any money to pay for monthly installments, and hence, they
defaulted. Many homes also went into foreclosure. Nothing stays
the same forever and once this period passed, banks stabilized
once again and the housing market boomed. By the 1950s, over 50%
of Americans were homeowners for the first time in history. Buying
homes had become very common by then, and there were real-estate
brokers to assist potential customers with their home-buying
journey. The real-estate profession also boomed along with the
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Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: Pirates 12
Part Documentary Series MP4 Video Download DVD
December 26, 1682: #BOTD: Calico Jack,
English pirate captain operating in the Bahamas and Cuba during
the early 18th century era of The Golden Age Of Piracy
(1650s-1730s) whose nickname was derived from the calico clothing
he wore from the booty of his piracy, credited for popularizing
and possibly creating The Jolly Roger Flag, most remembered for
having two female crew members and lovers: Anne Bonny, his primary
lover, and Mary Read, both of whom he impregnated (enabling them
to "plead the belly" during their trial, a process in
English common law which permitted a woman in the later stages of
pregnancy to receive a reprieve of her death sentence until after
she bore her child) (d. November 18, 1720) is #born John Rackham
in Bristol, England on what would eventually become known as
Boxing Day; little is known of his upbringing or early life.
Rackham deposed Charles Vane from his position as captain of the
sloop Ranger, then cruised the Leeward Islands, Jamaica Channel
and Windward Passage. He accepted the King's Pardon in 1719 and
moved to New Providence, where he met Anne Bonny, who was married
to James Bonny at the time. He returned to piracy in 1720 by
stealing a British sloop and Anne joined him. Their new crew
included Mary Read, who was disguised as a man at the time. After
a short run, Rackham was captured by Jonathan Barnet, an English
privateer, in 1720, put on trial by Sir Nicholas Lawes, Governor
of Jamaica, and hanged. Publications after his death contributed
greatly to the rise of his fame, and the eventual rise of the
movement that romanticized pirate life enabled the myth of Calico
Jack to grow. Perhaps the most lasting impact that Calico Jack had
on the modern image of pirates is his Jolly Rogers flag. While the
majority of pirate crews used designs that had a depiction of full
human skeletons using some weapon, Calico Jack promoted an iconic
pirate flag design that today represents a synonym for a naval
piracy - black flag with white human skull and two white crossed
swords beneath it. Calico Jack died by execution when he is hanged
along with his crew at Port Royal, Kingston Harbour, having been
tried and convicted of piracy by Sir Nicholas Lawes, Governor of
Jamaica. His body was then gibbeted on display on the smallest of
The Port Royal Cays, a small group of uninhabited islands known as
cays (cayes, keys) off Port Royal, Jamaica, a cay now known as
Rackham's Cay. His burial place is unknown. On Sale @ 15% Off
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Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: The
Machine That Changed The World The Computer + Bonus 3 MP4s Or DVDs
December 26, 1791: #BOTD: #HBD! Charles
Babbage, English polymath, mathematician, philospher, inventor and
mechanical engineer, inventor of the mechanical computer,
originator of the concept of a digital programmable computer,
widely considered the father of the computer (d. October 18, 1871)
is #born; his birthplace is disputed, but according to the Oxford
Dictionary of National Biography, he was most likely born at 44
Crosby Row, Walworth Road, London, England. A blue plaque on the
junction of Larcom Street and Walworth Road commemorates the
event. Babbage is credited with inventing the Difference Engine,
the first mechanical computer, that eventually led to more complex
electronic designs, though all the essential ideas of modern
computers are to be found in Babbage's Analytical Engine,
programmed using a principle openly borrowed from the Jacquard
loom. Babbage had a broad range of interests in addition to his
work on computers covered in his book Economy of Manufactures and
Machinery. His varied work in other fields has made him preeminent
among the many polymaths of his century. Babbage, who died before
the complete successful engineering of many of his designs,
including his Difference Engine and Analytical Engine, remained a
prominent figure in the ideating of computing. Parts of Babbage's
incomplete mechanisms are on display in the Science Museum in
London. In 1991, a functioning difference engine was constructed
from Babbage's original plans. Built to tolerances achievable in
the 19th century, the success of the finished engine indicated
that Babbage's machine would have worked. Charles Babbage died at
1 Dorset Street, Marylebone, where he lived and worked for over 40
years, at the age of 79 of renal inadequacy, secondary to
cystitis. He is buried in Kensal Green Cemetery in The Royal
Borough Of Kensington And Chelsea, Greater London, England. On
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Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: Battleline
(1963) WWII TV Documentary Series DVD, Download, USB Drive
December 26, 1887: #BOTD: #HBD! Arthur
Percival, English general who saw service in the First World War
and built a successful military career during the interwar period,
most noted for his defeat during World War II as commander of
British Commonwealth forces during the Japanese Malayan Campaign
and the subsequent Battle Of Singapore (d. January 31, 1966) is
#born Arthur Ernest Percival in Aspenden Lodge, Aspenden near
Buntingford in Hertfordshire, England, the second son of Alfred
Reginald and Edith Percival (nee Miller). His father was the Land
Agent of the Hamel's Park estate and his mother came from a
Lancashire cotton family. Lieutenant-General Arthur Ernest
Percival, CB, DSO & Bar, OBE, MC, OStJ, DL was loathe to
surrender to the invading Imperial Japanese Army force, the
largest surrender in British military history, as he knew it would
undermine Britain's prestige as an imperial power in East Asia.
British prime minister Winston Churchill called the British defeat
the "worst disaster" in British military history.
Percival's defenders have argued correctly that the under-funding
of Malaya's defences, the hoarding of British military allocations
for use in the European theatre of the war, and the inexperienced,
under-equipped nature of the Commonwealth army in Singapore were
the manifest reasons for the defeat, not Percival's leadership.
Arthur Percival died at the age of 78 in King Edward VII's
Hospital For Officers, Beaumont Street in Westminster, England and
is buried in the churchyard at Widford in Hertfordshire, England.
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Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: Anais
Observed: A Portrait Of A Woman As Artist DVD, MP4, USB Drive
December 26, 1891: #BOTD: #HBD! Henry Miller, American novelist, essayist, painter and Rosicrucian, known for breaking with existing literary forms and developing a new type of semi-autobiographical novel that blended character study, social criticism, philosophical reflection, stream of consciousness, explicit language, sex, surrealist free association, and mysticism (d. June 7, 1980) is #born Henry Valentine Miller at his family's home, 450 East 85th Street, in the Yorkville section of Manhattan, New York City. He was the son of Lutheran German parents, Louise Marie (Neiting) and tailor Heinrich Miller. His most characteristic works are Tropic of Cancer, Black Spring, Tropic of Capricorn and The Rosy Crucifixion trilogy, which are based on his experiences in New York and Paris (all of which were banned in the United States until 1961). He also wrote travel memoirs and literary criticism, and painted watercolors. One of books the books directly from Miller's personal library is "The Rosicrucian cosmo-conception, or, Mystic Christianity : an elementary treatise upon man's past evolution, present constitution and future development by Max Heindel (1911)". Meant as study guide for the Rosicrucian Fellowship which Heindel founded in 1909, one particular used copy made its way from Cambridge, U.K. and into the hands of Henry Miller in Paris, who was entering a phase of mystic enlightenment. On March 5, 1939, Henry wrote an inscription inside the covers: "Sacred property of Henry Miller ... who has just discovered that he has been a Rosicrucian all his life ... Paris 3/5/39." Henry Miller died of circulatory complications at his home in Pacific Palisades, Los Angeles, California at the age of 88. His body was cremated and his ashes shared between his son Tony and daughter Val. Tony has stated that he ultimately intends to have his ashes mixed with those of his father and scattered in Big Sur. On Sale @ 15% Off Discount Till Midnight PT! https://store.earthstation1.com/anais-nin-observed-19741974.html |
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Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: Chairman
Mao Tse-Tung aka Mao Zedong Documentaries DVD, Download, USB
December 26, 1893: #BOTD: Mao Zedong,
often anglicized as Mao Tse Tung, commonly known as Chairman Mao,
Chinese librarian, teacher and communist revolutionary, considered
the "founding father" of the People's Republic Of China,
which he ruled as the Chairman of the Communist Party of China
from its establishment in 1949 until his death (d. September 9,
1976) is #born in Shaoshan village, Hunan Province, China. His
theories, military strategies, and political policies are
collectively known as Maoism. Mao was the son of a wealthy farmer
in Shaoshan, Hunan. He had a Chinese nationalist and
anti-imperialist outlook early in his life, and was particularly
influenced by the events of the Xinhai Revolution of 1911 and May
Fourth Movement of 1919. He later adopted Marxism-Leninism while
working at Peking University, and became a founding member of the
Communist Party of China (CPC), leading the Autumn Harvest
Uprising, an insurrection in Hunan and Jiangxi provinces, which
established the short-lived Hunan Soviet state. During the Chinese
Civil War between the Kuomintang (KMT) and the CPC, Mao helped to
found the Chinese Workers' and Peasants' Red Army, led the Jiangxi
Soviet's radical land policies, and ultimately became head of the
CPC during the Long March. Although the CPC temporarily allied
with the KMT under the United Front during the Second
Sino-Japanese War (1937-1945), China's civil war resumed after
Japan's surrender and in 1949 Mao's forces defeated the
Nationalist government, which withdrew to Taiwan. On October 1,
1949, Mao proclaimed the foundation of the People's Republic Of
China (PRC), a single-party state controlled by the CPC. In the
following years he solidified his control through land reforms and
through a psychological victory in the Korean War, as well as
through campaigns against landlords, people he termed
"counter-revolutionaries", and other perceived enemies
of the state. In 1957 he launched a campaign known as the Great
Leap Forward that aimed to rapidly transform China's economy from
agrarian to industrial. This campaign led to the deadliest famine
in history and the deaths of an estimated minimum of 45 million
people between 1958 and 1962. In 1966, Mao initiated the Cultural
Revolution, a program to remove "counter-revolutionary"
elements in Chinese society that lasted 10 years and was marked by
violent class struggle, widespread destruction of cultural
artifacts, and an unprecedented elevation of Mao's personality
cult. It is now officially regarded as a "severe setback"
for the PRC. In 1972, Mao welcomed American President Richard
Nixon in Beijing, signalling the start of a policy of opening
China to the world. After years of ill health, he suffered a
series of heart attacks in 1976 and died of the effects of a heart
attack in Beijing on September 9, 1976 at the age of 82. He is
buried at The Mao Zedong Mausoleum in Beijing. He was succeeded as
paramount leader by Premier Hua Guofeng, who was quickly sidelined
and replaced by Deng Xiaoping. A controversial figure, Mao is
regarded as one of the most important and influential individuals
in modern world history. He is also known as a political
intellect, theorist, military strategist, poet, and visionary.
Supporters credit him with driving imperialism out of China,
modernising the nation and building it into a world power,
promoting the status of women, improving education and health
care, as well as increasing life expectancy as China's population
grew from around 550 million to over 900 million under his
leadership. Conversely, his regime has been called autocratic and
totalitarian, and condemned for bringing about mass repression and
destroying religious and cultural artifacts and sites. It was
additionally responsible for vast numbers of deaths with estimates
ranging from 30 to 70 million victims. On Sale @ 15% Off Discount
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Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: Dead End
Kids: A Story Of Nuclear Power Film Satire DVD, Download, USB
December 26, 1898: Great Discoveries:
Great Discoveries Of Chemistry: Great Discoveries Of Physics:
Nuclear Chemistry: Nuclear Physics: Marie Curie: New Elements: --
Marie and Pierre Curie announce the isolation of radium, a
chemical element with the symbol Ra and atomic number 88. In 1903
they shared the Nobel Prize in Physics with physicist Henri
Becquerel for their pioneering work developing the theory of
"radioactivity" (a term Marie Curie coined).Using
techniques she invented for isolating radioactive isotopes, she
won the 1911 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for the discovery of
radium,as well as the discovery of polonium. Radium, in the form
of radium chloride, was discovered by the Curies in 1898 from ore
mined at Jachymov. They extracted the radium compound from
uraninite and published the discovery at the French Academy of
Sciences five days later. Radium is the sixth element in group 2
of the periodic table, also known as the alkaline earth metals.
Pure radium is silvery-white, but it readily reacts with nitrogen
(rather than oxygen) on exposure to air, forming a black surface
layer of radium nitride (Ra3N2). All isotopes of radium are highly
radioactive, with the most stable isotope being radium-226, which
has a half-life of 1600 years and decays into radon gas
(specifically the isotope radon-222). When radium decays, ionizing
radiation is a product, which can excite fluorescent chemicals and
cause radioluminescence. In nature, radium is found in uranium and
(to a lesser extent) thorium ores in trace amounts as small as a
seventh of a gram per ton of uraninite. Radium is not necessary
for living organisms, and adverse health effects are likely when
it is incorporated into biochemical processes because of its
radioactivity and chemical reactivity. Currently, other than its
use in nuclear medicine, radium has no commercial applications;
formerly, it was used as a radioactive source for radioluminescent
devices and also in radioactive quackery for its supposed curative
powers. Today, these former applications are no longer in vogue
because radium's toxicity has become known, and less dangerous
isotopes are used instead in radioluminescent devices. On Sale @
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Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: The Steve
Allen TV Shows MegaSet DVD, Video Download, USB Flash Drive
December 26, 1921: #BOTD: #HBD! Steve
Allen, American actor, television personality, radio personality,
singer, musician, composer, actor, comedian, writer, game show
panelist, talk show host, screenwriter and advocate of scientific
skepticism (d. October 30, 2000) is #born Stephen Valentine
Patrick William Allen in New York City, son of Billy (Carroll
Abler) and Isabelle Allen (nee Donohue), a husband-and-wife
vaudeville comedy team. His father died when he was an infant. He
was raised on the South Side of Chicago largely by his mother's
Irish Catholic family. Milton Berle called Allen's mother "the
funniest woman in vaudeville." Steve Allen achieved national
fame as the first host of The Tonight Show, the first late night
television talk show in September 1954. Though he got his start in
radio, Allen is best known for his extensive network television
career. He gained national attention as a guest host on Arthur
Godfrey's Talent Scouts. After he hosted The Tonight Show, he went
on to host numerous game and variety shows, including his own The
Steve Allen Show, I've Got a Secret, and The New Steve Allen Show.
He was a regular panel member on CBS' What's My Line?, and from
1977 until 1981 wrote, produced, and hosted the award-winning
public broadcasting show Meeting of Minds, a series of historical
dramas presented in a talk format. Allen was a pianist and a
prolific composer, having written: by his own estimate: more than
8,500 songs, some of which were recorded by numerous leading
singers. Working as a lyricist, Allen won the 1964 Grammy Award
for Best Original Jazz Composition. He also wrote more than 50
books, including novels, children's books, and books of opinions,
including his final book, Vulgarians at the Gate: Trash TV and
Raunch Radio (2001). Steve Allen died in Los Angeles, California
aged 78 from the effects of was thought at the time to be a minor
car accident. Allen was involved in a minor traffic crash while
traveling to visit his youngest son at home in Los Angeles. A
driver struck the side of Allen's car while backing out of a
driveway, causing Allen to suffer a ruptured blood vessel, among
other injuries, though he apparently did not realize he was
seriously hurt. After Allen arrived at his son's home, he took a
nap and died in his sleep. At first, it was believed that he had a
heart attack. However, Allen's autopsy revealed that he actually
died from hemopericardium (blood in the pericardial sac of the
heart) caused by injuries sustained in the crash. Though the
condition was partially caused by atherosclerosis, the death was
ruled accidental. According to his wife Jayne Meadows, "Typical
of Steve, [who] was the dearest, sweetest man: He was hit by a
man, backing into him, breaking all of his ribs, that pierced his
heart ... and when he got out of the car, he said to the man,
'What some people will do to get my autograph.'" He is buried
at Forest Lawn Memorial Park in Hollywood Hills, Los Angeles. He
has two stars on the Hollywood Walk of Fame - a television star at
1720 Vine Street and a radio star at 1537 Vine Street. Jayne
Meadows was buried next to Allen following her death in 2015. In
1996 Allen was presented with the Martin Gardner Lifetime
Achievement Award from the Committee for Skeptical Inquiry
(CSICOP). He has two stars on the Hollywood Walk of Fame and a
Hollywood theater named in his honor. On Sale @ 15% Off Discount
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Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: WPIX at
40! (1988) New York City's TV Channel 11 DVD, Download, USB
December 26, 1933: The Industrial
Revolution: The Second Industrial Revolution (1870s-1914): The
Automobile: The History Of The Automobile: The Automotive
Industry: The History Of The Automotive Industry: Foundings:
Nissan Motor Corporation (Japanese: Nissan Jidosha Kabushiki
Gaisha) (Nissan): -- Nissan, the Japanese multinational automobile
manufacturer headquartered in Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan, is
founded under The Nissan Group (Japanese: Nissan Kontserun,
"Nissan Concern"; formerly Nissan Zaibatsu). The company
currently sells its vehicles under the Nissan and Infiniti brands,
and formerly the Datsun brand, with in-house performance tuning
products (including cars) under the Nismo and Autech brands. Since
1999, Nissan has been part of the Renault-Nissan-Mitsubishi
Alliance (Mitsubishi joining in 2016), a partnership between
Nissan and Mitsubishi Motors of Japan, with Renault of France. As
of November 2023, Renault holds a 15% voting stake in Nissan,
while Nissan holds the same stake in Renault. Since October 2016
Nissan holds a 34% controlling stake in Mitsubishi Motors. In
2017, Nissan was the sixth largest automaker in the world, after
Toyota, Volkswagen Group, Hyundai Motor Group, General Motors and
Ford. In 2014, Nissan was the largest car manufacturer in North
America. With a revenue of 78B USD in 2022, Nissan was the ninth
largest automobile maker in the world, as well as being the
leading Japanese brand in China, Russia, and Mexico. On Sale @ 15%
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Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: TV Music &
Dance Shows #8 American Action DVD, MP4, USB Flash Drive
December 26, 1935: #BOTD: #HBD! Duke
Fakir, Bangalore African American singer, founding member of the
Motown quartet the Four Tops who had performed from 1953 until his
death (d. July 22, 2024) was born Abdul Kareem Fakir in Detroit,
Michigan to a Muslim factory-worker father from what is now
Bangladesh and a Christian African American mother. A first tenor,
Fakir was the group's lone surviving original member, performing
until his death with Ronnie McNeir, Lawrence "Roquel"
Payton Jr. (son of original member Lawrence Payton), and Alexander
Morris. The Four Tops were an American vocal quartet from Detroit,
Michigan. They were one of the most commercially successful
American pop music groups of the 1960s and helped propel the
Motown label to international fame. The group's repertoire has
included aspects of soul, R & B, disco, adult contemporary,
doo-wop, jazz, and show tunes. Founded as the Four Aims, lead
singer Levi Stubbs, Abdul "Duke" Fakir, Renaldo "Obie"
Benson and Lawrence Payton remained together for over four
decades, performing from 1953 until 1997 without a change in
personnel. The Four Tops were among a number of groups, including
the Miracles, the Marvelettes, Martha and the Vandellas, the
Temptations, and the Supremes, who established the Motown Sound.
They were notable for having Stubbs, a baritone, as their lead
singer, whereas most other male and mixed vocal groups of the time
were fronted by tenors. The group was the main male vocal group
for the highly successful songwriting and production team of
Holland-Dozier-Holland, who crafted a stream of hit singles for
Motown. These included two Billboard Hot 100 number-one hits for
the Tops: "I Can't Help Myself (Sugar Pie Honey Bunch)"
in 1965 and "Reach Out I'll Be There" in 1966. The group
continued to have chart singles into the 1970s, including the
million-seller "Ain't No Woman" (1973). The group was
inducted into The Rock And Roll Hall Of Fame in 1990 and into the
Vocal Group Hall of Fame in 1999. In 2004, Rolling Stone ranked
them #79 on its list of the 100 Greatest Artists of All Time. Duke
Fakir died of heart failure at his Detroit, Michigan home at the
age of 88. He is buried at Woodlawn Cemetery in Detroit. On Sale @
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Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: Rock &
Roll An Unruly History 10 Part TV Series MP4 Video Download DVD
December 26, 1939: #BOTD: Phil Spector,
American record producer, musician, singer and songwriter (d.
January 16, 2021) is #born Phillip Harvey Spector in New York
City. Phil Spector developed the Wall of Sound, a music production
formula he described as a "Wagnerian" approach to rock
and roll. Spector is considered the first auteur among musical
artists for the unprecedented freedom and control he had over
every phase of the recording process. Additionally, he helped
engender the idea of the studio as its own distinct instrument.
For these contributions, he is acknowledged as one of the most
influential figures in pop music history. Later in his life,
Spector was reputed for his eremitic personality, and he grew
especially notorious for the 2003 murder of actress Lana Clarkson,
of which he was convicted in the second degree. He served a prison
sentence of 19 years to life and would have been 88 years old
before becoming eligible for parole. Phil Spector died of COVID-19
at the age of 81 in an outside hospital at San Joaquin General
Hospital in French Camp, California. His remains were cremated;
his ashes scattered at sea, but which sea has not been publicly
disclosed, though it is likely the Pacific Ocean, as it was
proximate both to his last home, The Pyrenees Castle in Alhambra,
California, and to The California State Prison System where he was
incarcerated. On Sale @ 15% Off Discount Till Midnight PT!
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Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: Combat At
Sea Documentary Series + 2 Bonuses MP4 Video Download DVDs
December 26, 1943: The European Civil
War: World War II: The Second European War (The European Theater
Of World War II): The Battle Of The Atlantic: Arctic Naval
Operations Of World War II (The Arctic Campaign): The Battle Of
The North Cape: -- The German battleship Scharnhorst, under the
command of German Admiral Erich Bey, is sunk off of Norway's North
Cape after a battle against major Royal Navy forces under the
command of British Admiral Bruce Fraser, thereafter entitled 1st
Baron Fraser Of North Cape. The battle was the last between
big-gun capital ships in the Battle Of The Atlantic, and the
second to last in history. The Battle Of The North Cape was part
of the Arctic Campaign of The Battle Of The Atlantic. The German
battleship Scharnhorst, on an operation to attack Arctic Convoys
of war materiel from the Western Allies to the Soviet Union, was
brought to battle along with German Narvik-class destroyers Z29,
Z30, Z33, Z34 and Z38, and the Scharnhorst was sunk off Norway's
North Cape by the Royal Navy's battleship HMS Duke Of York, the
heavy cruiser HMS Norfolk, the light cruisers HMS Belfast, HMS
Sheffield and HMS Jamaica, British destroyers HMS Savage, HMS
Scorpion, HMS Saumarez, HMS Matchless, HMS Musketeer, HMS
Opportune and HMS Virago, Canadian destroyer HMCS Huron, and
exiled Royal Norwegian Navy destroyer HNoMS Stord. The British
victory confirmed the massive strategic advantage held by the
British, at least in surface units. It was also the second-to-last
engagement between battleships, the last being The Battle Of
Surigao Strait in October 1944. Scharnhorst was a German capital
ship, alternatively described as a battleship or battlecruiser, of
Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine. She was the lead ship of her class,
which included one other ship, Gneisenau. The ship was built at
the Kriegsmarinewerft dockyard in Wilhelmshaven; she was laid down
on June 15, 1935 and launched a year and four months later on
October 3, 1936. Completed in January 1939, the ship was armed
with a main battery of nine 28 cm (11 in) C/34 guns in three
triple turrets. Plans to replace these weapons with six 38 cm (15
in) SK C/34 guns in twin turrets were never carried out. At 18:42,
Duke of York ceased fire upon Scharnhorst, after having fired 52
salvos and having scored at least 13 hits. Many of these hits had
badly damaged the ship's secondary armament (smaller,
faster-firing weapons that were typically effective at a shorter
range), which left her open to destroyer attacks, which British
Admiral Fraser accordingly ordered. The destroyers Scorpion and
HNoMS Stord launched a total of eight torpedoes at 18:50, four of
which hit. One torpedo exploded abreast of turret Bruno, which
caused it to jam. The second torpedo hit the ship on the port side
and caused some minor flooding, and the third struck toward the
rear of the ship and damaged the port propeller shaft. The fourth
hit the ship in the bow. The torpedoes slowed Scharnhorst to 12
knots (22 km/h; 14 mph), which allowed Duke of York to close to
9,100 m (10,000 yd). With only turret Caesar operational, all
available men were sent to retrieve ammunition from the forward
turrets to keep the last heavy guns supplied. Fraser then ordered
Jamaica and Belfast to move into range and finish the crippled
ship off with torpedoes. After several more torpedo hits,
Scharnhorst settled further into the water and began to list to
starboard. At 19:45, the ship went down by the bow, with her
propellers still slowly turning. British ships began searching for
survivors, but were soon ordered away after just a few were pulled
out of the water even though voices could still be heard calling
for help from the darkness. Of the crew of 1,968 officers and
enlisted men, only 36 men survived. On Sale @ 15% Off Discount
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Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: The Battle
Of The Bulge Documentaries Collection DVD MP4 Download USB
December 26, 1944: The European Civil
War: World War II: The Second European War (The European Theater
Of World War II): The Western Front Of World War II: The Battle Of
The Bulge (The Ardennes Offensive) (German: Unternehmen Wacht Am
Rhein, "Operation Watch On The Rhine"): The Siege Of
Bastogne: -- George S. Patton's Third Army breaks the encirclement
of surrounded U.S. forces at Bastogne, Belgium. On December 22,
during the Battle Of The Bulge: German troops demanded the
surrender of United States troops at Bastogne, Belgium, prompting
the famous one word reply by General Anthony McAuliffe: "Nuts!".
The Battle Of The Bulge began as the Germans launched a big
counter-offensive in the Ardennes Forest along a 75-mile front,
taking American troops by surprise. Named Operation Watch on the
Rhine by the Germans, it was aided by foggy, snowy weather, tand
he Germans penetrated 65 miles into Allied lines by the end of
December. The German advance was eventually halted by Montgomery
on the Meuse and Patton at Bastogne. As the weather cleared,
Allied aircraft attacked German ground forces and supply lines and
the counteroffensive failed. There were an estimated 77,000 Allied
and 130,000 German casualties. On Sale @ 15% Off Discount Till
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Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: TV Music &
Dance Shows #4 The Beatles DVD, Video Download, Flash Drive
December 26, 1963: Aesthetics: The
Performing Arts: Music: Music History: The History Of Rock And
Roll (Rock & Roll, Rock-N-Roll, Rock 'N' Roll, Rock 'N Roll,
Rock N' Roll): British Rock And Roll (British Rock & Roll,
British Rock-N-Roll, British Rock 'N' Roll, British Rock 'N Roll,
British Rock N' Roll): The Swinging Sixties: Music Of The United
Kingdom: Rock And Roll (Rock & Roll, Rock-N-Roll, Rock 'N'
Roll, Rock 'N Roll, Rock N' Roll): Concerts: British Rock (Beat
Music, British Beat, Merseybeat): The Swinging Sixties: Music Of
The United Kingdom: Rock And Roll (Rock & Roll, Rock-N-Roll,
Rock 'N' Roll, Rock 'N Roll, Rock N' Roll): The British Invasion:
The Beatles: Record Releases: -- The Beatles songs "I Want to
Hold Your Hand" and "I Saw Her Standing There",
both written by John Lennon and Paul McCartney, are released in
the United States, marking the beginning of Beatlemania on an
international level. "I Saw Her Standing There" It was
the group's first American number-one hit, entering the Billboard
Hot 100 chart on January 18, 1964 at number 45 and starting the
British Invasion of the American music industry. By February 1 it
topped the Hot 100, and stayed there for seven weeks before being
replaced by "She Loves You". It remained on the
Billboard chart for 15 weeks. "I Want to Hold Your Hand"
became the Beatles' best-selling single worldwide selling more
than 12 million copies. In 2018, Billboard magazine named it the
48th biggest hit of all time on the Billboard Hot 100. In the UK,
it was the second highest selling single of the 1960s, behind "She
Loves You". "I Want to Hold Your Hand" was recorded
on October 17 1963, and was the first Beatles record to be made
using four-track equipment. With advance orders exceeding one
million copies in the United Kingdom, "I Want to Hold Your
Hand" would have gone straight to the top of the British
record charts on its day of release (November 29, 1963) had it not
been blocked by the group's first million-seller "She Loves
You", their previous UK single, which was having a resurgence
of popularity following intense media coverage of the group.
Taking two weeks to dislodge its predecessor, "I Want to Hold
Your Hand" stayed at number one for five weeks and remained
in the UK top 50 for 21 weeks in total. "I Saw Her Standing
There" is the opening track on the band's 1963 debut album
Please Please Me. Capitol Records released the song in the United
States as the B-side of "I Want to Hold Your Hand".
While the A-side topped the US Billboard chart for seven weeks
starting 1 February 1964, "I Saw Her Standing There"
entered the Billboard Hot 100 on 8 February 1964, remaining there
for 11 weeks, peaking at No. 14. The song placed on the Cashbox
chart for only one week at No. 100 on the same week of its
Billboard debut. In 2004, "I Saw Her Standing There" was
ranked No. 139 on Rolling Stone's list of the 500 Greatest Songs
of All Time. On Sale @ 15% Off Discount Till Midnight PT!
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Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: The
Beatles TV Series Cartoons Show DVD MP4 Video Download USB Drive
December 26, 1963: Aesthetics: The
Performing Arts: Music: Music History: The History Of Rock And
Roll (Rock & Roll, Rock-N-Roll, Rock 'N' Roll, Rock 'N Roll,
Rock N' Roll): British Rock And Roll (British Rock & Roll,
British Rock-N-Roll, British Rock 'N' Roll, British Rock 'N Roll,
British Rock N' Roll): The Swinging Sixties: Music Of The United
Kingdom: Rock And Roll (Rock & Roll, Rock-N-Roll, Rock 'N'
Roll, Rock 'N Roll, Rock N' Roll): Concerts: British Rock (Beat
Music, British Beat, Merseybeat): The Swinging Sixties: Music Of
The United Kingdom: Rock And Roll (Rock & Roll, Rock-N-Roll,
Rock 'N' Roll, Rock 'N Roll, Rock N' Roll): The British Invasion:
The Beatles: Record Releases: -- The Beatles songs "I Want to
Hold Your Hand" and "I Saw Her Standing There",
both written by John Lennon and Paul McCartney, are released in
the United States, marking the beginning of Beatlemania on an
international level. "I Saw Her Standing There" It was
the group's first American number-one hit, entering the Billboard
Hot 100 chart on January 18, 1964 at number 45 and starting the
British Invasion of the American music industry. By February 1 it
topped the Hot 100, and stayed there for seven weeks before being
replaced by "She Loves You". It remained on the
Billboard chart for 15 weeks. "I Want to Hold Your Hand"
became the Beatles' best-selling single worldwide selling more
than 12 million copies. In 2018, Billboard magazine named it the
48th biggest hit of all time on the Billboard Hot 100. In the UK,
it was the second highest selling single of the 1960s, behind "She
Loves You". "I Want to Hold Your Hand" was recorded
on October 17 1963, and was the first Beatles record to be made
using four-track equipment. With advance orders exceeding one
million copies in the United Kingdom, "I Want to Hold Your
Hand" would have gone straight to the top of the British
record charts on its day of release (November 29, 1963) had it not
been blocked by the group's first million-seller "She Loves
You", their previous UK single, which was having a resurgence
of popularity following intense media coverage of the group.
Taking two weeks to dislodge its predecessor, "I Want to Hold
Your Hand" stayed at number one for five weeks and remained
in the UK top 50 for 21 weeks in total. "I Saw Her Standing
There" is the opening track on the band's 1963 debut album
Please Please Me. Capitol Records released the song in the United
States as the B-side of "I Want to Hold Your Hand".
While the A-side topped the US Billboard chart for seven weeks
starting 1 February 1964, "I Saw Her Standing There"
entered the Billboard Hot 100 on 8 February 1964, remaining there
for 11 weeks, peaking at No. 14. The song placed on the Cashbox
chart for only one week at No. 100 on the same week of its
Billboard debut. In 2004, "I Saw Her Standing There" was
ranked No. 139 on Rolling Stone's list of the 500 Greatest Songs
of All Time. On Sale @ 15% Off Discount Till Midnight PT!
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Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: War Jets:
The Boeing B-52 Stratofortress DVD, MP4 Download, USB Stick
December 26, 1972: The Aftermath Of World
War II: The Cold War: The Cold War In Asia: The Indochina Wars:
The Vietnam War (The Second Indochina War, The Vietnam Conflict,
The Resistance War Against America): The United States In The
Vietnam War: Aerial Operations And Battles Of The Vietnam War:
Strategic Bombing During The Vietnam War: Operation Linebacker II
(The December Raids, The Christmas Bombings): -- 120 American B-52
Stratofortress bombers attacked Hanoi, including 78 launched from
Andersen Air Force Base in Guam, the largest single combat launch
in Strategic Air Command history. On December 18, President
Richard Nixon announced that the United States would engage North
Vietnam in Operation Linebacker II, a series of Christmas
bombings, known as The December Raids and The Christmas Bombings,
after peace talks collapsed with North Vietnam on the 13th. It was
a maximum effort bombing campaign to "destroy major target
complexes in the Hanoi and Haiphong areas, which could only be
accomplished by B-52s". It saw the largest heavy bomber
strikes launched by the US Air Force since the end of World War
II. The bombing would continue until December 29th, when the North
Vietnamese agreed to accept a number of American proposals and
resume negotiations. On Sale @ 15% Off Discount Till Midnight PT!
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Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: Reaching
For The Skies Documentary TV Series DVD, Download, USB Drive
December 26, 1975: Aviation: The History
Of Aviation: The History Of Civil Aviation: Aircraft Service
Entries: -- The Tupolev Tu-144 (NATO reporting name: Charger), the
world's first commercial supersonic aircraft, a Soviet supersonic
passenger airliner designed by Tupolev in operation from 1968 to
1999 that flew at speeds surpassing Mach 2, goes into service. It
took its prototype's maiden flight from Zhukovsky Airport on
December 31, 1968, two months before the British-French Concorde.
The Tu-144 was a product of the Tupolev Design Bureau, an OKB
headed by aeronautics pioneer Aleksey Tupolev, and 16 aircraft
were manufactured by the Voronezh Aircraft Production Association
in Voronezh. The Tu-144 conducted 102 commercial flights, of which
only 55 carried passengers, at an average service altitude of
16,000 metres (52,000 ft) and cruised at a speed of around 2,200
kilometres per hour (1,400 mph) (Mach 2). The Tu-144 first went
supersonic on 5 June 1969, four months before Concorde, and on 26
May 1970 became the world's first commercial transport to exceed
Mach 2. Reliability and developmental issues restricted the
viability of the Tu-144 for regular use; these factors, together
with repercussions of the 1973 Paris Air Show Tu-144 crash,
projections of high operating costs, and rising fuel prices and
environmental concerns outside the Soviet Union, caused foreign
customer interest to wane. The Tu-144 was introduced into
commercial service with Aeroflot between Moscow and Alma-Ata on 26
December 1975 and starting 1 November 1977 passenger flights
began; it was withdrawn less than seven months later after a new
Tu-144 variant crash-landed during a test flight on 23 May 1978.
The Tu-144 remained in commercial service as a cargo aircraft
until the cancellation of the Tu-144 program in 1983. The Tu-144
was later used by the Soviet space program to train pilots of the
Buran spacecraft, and by NASA for supersonic research until 1999.
The Tu-144 made its final flight on 26 June 1999 and surviving
aircraft were put on display in Russia, the former Soviet Union
and Germany, or into storage. On Sale @ 15% Off Discount Till
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Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: The Second
Russian Revolution TV Series DVD, Video Download, USB Drive
December 26, 1991: #DOTD: The Aftermath
Of World War II: The Cold War: The Cold War (1985-1991) (The End
Of The Cold War): The Dissolution Of The Soviet Union:: -- The
Supreme Soviet Of The Soviet Union, the most authoritative
legislative body of the Union Of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR)
beginning 1936, and the only one with the power to approve
constitutional amendments, meets for the last time and formally
dissolves the Soviet Union, after 69 years of the regime's
existance. The day prior, December 25, 1991, Ukraine officially
left the Soviet Union, on the same day that Mikhail Gorbachev
resigned as President of the Soviet Union The Dissolution Of The
Soviet Union (1988-1991) was the process of internal
disintegration within the USSR, which began with growing unrest in
its various constituent republics developing into an incessant
political and legislative conflict between the republics and the
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